Histerectomía total laparoscópica: resultados perioperatorios en 10 años de experiencia / Single-center cohort study of perioperative outcomes on total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH): a 10-year experience

Resumen Introducción : La extirpación del útero, (histerectomía) es la cirugía más frecuente en ginecología. En Argentina existen pocas publicaciones sobre los resultados perio peratorios de este tipo de procedimiento, y menos aún sobre histerectomía mínimamente invasiva. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la tasa de complica ciones perioperatorias en pacientes con histerectomía total laparoscópica realizada en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, desde el 7 de enero de 2010 al 22 de diciembre de 2020. Métodos : estudio de cohorte retrospectivo donde se revisaron las historias clínicas electrónicas de pacien tes sometidas a una histerectomía laparoscópica en el período mencionado. Se evaluaron las complicaciones intraquirúrgicas y postoperatorias utilizando la clasifi cación validada de Clavien-Dindo. Resultados : Se incluyeron 1014 pacientes. La tasa de complicaciones intraquirúrgicas fue de 4.5%. Se halló una tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias de 16.6% (n=168), siendo 12.3% (n=125) Clavien-Dindo ≤ 2, y 4.2% (n=43) Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3. En el análisis multivariable que se ajustó por peso uterino >170g, edad, índice de masa corporal y más de dos cirugías abdominales pre vias, se encontró asociación entre peso uterino > 170 g y complicaciones postoperatorias, OR 1.49, IC 95% 1.04- 2.14, p = 0.03. Discusión : Al evaluar el porcentaje de complicaciones menores y mayores, nuestros números se encuentran dentro de los parámetros aceptables para realizar este tipo de cirugía, más aún, considerando que la evaluación se realizó en un ámbito educativo.

Abstract Introduction : The removal of the uterus, (hysterec tomy), is the most frequent surgery in gynecology. In Argentina there are few publications on the periopera tive results of this type of procedure, and even less on minimally invasive hysterectomy. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of perioperative compli cations in patients with total laparoscopic hysterectomy performed at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, from January 7, 2010 to December 22, 2020. Methods : retrospective cohort study where electronic medical records were reviewed. Intrasurgical and postop erative complications were evaluated using the validated Clavien-Dindo's classification. Results : 1014 patients were included. The rate of intra-surgical complications was 4.5%. In respect to postoperative complications, there was found a rate of 16.6% (n=168), being 12.3% (n=125) Clavien-Dindo ≤ 2, and 4.2% (n=43) Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3. In a multivariable analysis that adjusted for uterine weight > 170g, age, body mass index, and more than two previous abdomi nal surgeries, an association was found between uterine weight >170g and postoperative complications OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.04- 2.14, p=0.03. Discussion : When evaluating the percentage of mi nor and major complications, our findings are within the acceptable parameters for performing this type of surgery, even though the evaluation was carried out in an educational setting.

Diferenças no perfil de complicações pós-operatórias em pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento e mastopexia com prótese / Differences in the profile of postoperative complications in patients undergoing breast augmentation and mastopexy with prosthesis

Introdução: A mamoplastia de aumento é uma dos procedimentos mais realizados em Cirurgia Plástica em todo o mundo. A mastopexia com prótese também é um procedimento amplamente realizado, reservado para outro perfil de pacientes. Muitas complicações podem ser evitadas quando se estudam os fatores de risco para desfechos desfavoráveis. Método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo realizado por meio da análise de prontuários de pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia primária de aumento e mastopexia com implantes mamários no período de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: Das 112 pacientes submetidas a mamoplastia com implante mamário no período do estudo, 76 foram submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento primária (67,86%) e 36 pacientes a mastopexia com implante mamário (32,14%). As pacientes submetidas a mastopexia apresentaram maior média de idade em relação àquelas submetidas a mamoplastia de aumento (p<0,001) e apresentaram menores volumes de implantes mamários (p=0,002). As complicações mais comuns em ambos os grupos incluem a deiscência da ferida operatória, mais comum após mastopexia com prótese. Conclusão: A mastopexia de aumento realizada em procedimento único apresenta maior índice de complicações quando comparada à mamoplastia de aumento realizada individualmente. No entanto, o maior número de complicações precoces observadas no procedimento combinado é a soma dos dois procedimentos distintamente individuais e não um aumento exponencial.

Introduction: Breast augmentation is one of the most performed procedures in Plastic Surgery worldwide. Mastopexy with prosthesis is also a widely performed procedure reserved for other patient profiles. Many complications can be avoided when studying risk factors for unfavorable outcomes. Method: This is a retrospective study carried out through the analysis of medical records of patients who underwent primary breast augmentation and mastopexy with breast implants from January 2018 to December 2020. Results: Of the 112 patients who underwent mammoplasty with the implant during the study period, 76 patients underwent primary breast augmentation (67.86%), and 36 underwent mastopexy with breast implant (32.14%). Patients undergoing mastopexy had a higher average age compared to those undergoing breast augmentation (p<0.001) and had smaller volumes of breast implants (p=0.002). The most common complications in both groups include surgical wound dehiscence, more common after mastopexy with prosthesis. Conclusion: Breast augmentation performed as a single procedure has a higher rate of complications when compared to breast augmentation performed individually. However, the greater number of early complications observed with the combined procedure is the sum of the two distinctly individual procedures and not an exponential increase.

Desplazamiento de Tercer Molar Inferior a Espacio Submandibular: Reporte de Caso y Revisión de Literatura / Lower Third Molar Displacement to Submandibular Space: Case Report and Literature Review

El desplazamiento de un tercer molar a un espacio anatómico adyacente, ya sea en su totalidad o un fragmento de este, se encuentra descrito como una complicación rara pero posible de las exodoncias de terceros molares. En este reporte se aborda específicamente el desplazamiento accidental de un tercer molar inferior hacia el espacio submandibular izquierdo, el cual fue resuelto quirúrgicamente mediante un abordaje intraoral bajo anestesia general por el equipo de cirugía maxilofacial del Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública, Santiago, Chile. Se realizó una revisión de literatura en la plataforma PubMed con las palabras claves "third molar - submandibular - displacement" obteniendo un total de 17 artículos en los cuales se reportan 15 casos. El propósito del presente escrito fue presentar recomendaciones sobre el manejo actual de esta complicación en base a la literatura disponible.

The displacement of a third molar into an adjacent anatomical space, either in its entirety or a fragment of it, has been described as a rare but posible complication of third molar extractions. This report will specifically address the accidental displacement of a lower third molar into the left submandibular space, which was surgically removed through an intraoral approach under general anesthesia, by the maxillofacial surgeon team of "Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia Pública", Santiago, Chile. An literature review was carried out on PubMed platform with the keywords ""third molar - submandibular - displacement"", obtaining a total of 17 articles where are reported 15 cases. The purpose of this paper is to present recommendations on the current management of this complication based on the available literature.

As principais complicações em cirurgias plásticas em pacientes pós-bariátrica: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura / The main complications in plastic surgery in post-bariatric patients: An integrative review of the literature

Introdução: As intervenções cirúrgicas pós-bariátricas vêm se tornando cada vez mais frequentes e englobam a abdominoplastia, a cirurgia plástica interna da coxa, a braquioplastia e a mastopexia. Porém, devido ao caráter disabsortivo e restritivo do paciente bariátrico, esse estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as complicações advindas de procedimentos estéticos realizados nestes pacientes, expondo os fatores de risco mais associados às sequelas e levantando opções para um melhor desfecho. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter qualitativo, segundo a pergunta norteadora: "Quais as principais complicações em cirurgias plásticas realizadas em pacientes bariatricados?". A busca foi realizada nas plataformas Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e PubMed. Os artigos incluídos no estudo foram analisados pelo método de conteúdo. Resultados: No total foram incluídos 6 artigos, nos quais observou-se que as principais complicações de cirurgias de contorno corporal, tais como a abdominoplastia e a braquioplastia, em pacientes bariatricados foram, principalmente, deiscência de feridas, seromas e hematomas, complicações, essas, relacionadas principalmente ao índice de massa corporal (IMC) do paciente, às suas comorbidades e ao tabagismo. Conclusão: Percebe-se, hoje, uma maior demanda pelas cirurgias plásticas reparadoras pósbariátrica, principalmente pela abdominoplastia. Consequentemente, houve, também, um aumento no número de complicações intraoperatórias, destacando-se o seroma e a deiscência de feridas. Para amenizá-las, a melhor solução é trabalhar no controle de fatores de risco pré-operatórios do paciente, tais como o IMC elevado e o tabagismo, além de comorbidades que levam à deficiência de cicatrização.

Introduction: Post-bariatric surgical interventions have become increasingly frequent, including abdominoplasty, inner thigh plastic surgery, brachioplasty, and mastopexy. However, due to bariatric patients' malabsorptive and restrictive nature, this study aims to present complications arising from aesthetic procedures performed on these patients, exposing the risk factors most associated with sequelae and raising options for a better outcome. Method: An integrative qualitative literature review was carried out according to the guiding question: "What are the main complications in plastic surgeries performed on bariatric patients?". The search was conducted on the Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) and PubMed platforms. The articles included in the study were analyzed using the content method. Results: In total, 6 articles were included, in which it was observed that the main complications of body contouring surgeries, such as abdominoplasty and brachioplasty, in bariatric patients were mainly wound dehiscence, seromas and hematomas, complications, these, mainly related to the patient's body mass index (BMI), their comorbidities and smoking. Conclusion: Today, there is a greater demand for post-bariatric reconstructive plastic surgery, especially abdominoplasty. Consequently, there was also an increase in intraoperative complications, notably seroma and wound dehiscence. To alleviate them, the best solution is to work on controlling the patient's preoperative risk factors, such as high BMI and smoking, as well as comorbidities that lead to poor healing.

Surgical outcomes of primary intraocular lens implantation for the treatment of aphakia in pediatric cataracts in the Brazilian public health system / Resultados cirúrgicos do implante primário de lente intraocular no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para tratamento da afacia na infância, em catarata pediátrica

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate primary intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of children's aphakia in the Brazilian public health system and compare the outcomes among different age groups. Methods: Children aged 0-12 years old with unilateral or bilateral congenital/developmental cataracts and underwent primary intraocular lens implantation were included. Results: A total of 108 eyes from 68 children were evaluated, and the children were divided into four age groups (<7 months [mo]; 7 mo-2 years old [y/o]; 2-5 y/o, and >5 y/o) were evaluated. Nineteen eyes (17.59%) presented visual axis opacification as a postoperative complication, which was more frequently observed in the <7 mo age group (37.93%). The difference was significant between the <7 mo and >5 y/o age groups (p=0.002). Visual axis opacification was divided into two categories: pupillary membrane and lens cell proliferation. Eight eyes presented pupillary membrane, whereas 14 showed lens cell proliferation. Out of eight eyes with pupillary membrane, seven occurred in the <7 mo age group. The difference between the <7 mo age group and the 2-5 y/o or >5 y/o age group was significant (p=0.01). Lens cell proliferation was more frequent in the <7 mo and 2-5 y/o age groups, but the difference was significant only between the < 7 mo age group and >5 y/o age group (p=0.040). Glaucoma and glaucoma suspect cases were not observed during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The main complication found in the study was visual axis opacification, which had a higher incidence in children operated on or before the age of 7 months.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o implante de lente intraocular primária para tratamento da afacia pediátrica no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e comparar os resultados em diferentes faixas etárias. Métodos: Foram incluídas crianças com catarata congênita e do desenvolvimento unilateral ou bilateral de 0-12 anos de idade e submetidas a implante de lente intraocular primária. Resultados: Cento e oito olhos de 68 crianças divididas em quatro grupos de idade (<7m; 7m-2a; 2-5a e > 5a) foram avaliados. Dezenove olhos (17,59%) apresentaram opacificação do eixo visual como complicação pós-operatória. Essa complicação foi mais frequente na faixa etária <7 meses (37,93%). A diferença foi significativa entre os grupos de idade <7 meses e > 5 anos (p=0,002). A opacificação do eixo visual foi dividida em duas categorias: membrana pupilar e proliferação de células do cristalino. Oito olhos apresentaram membrana pupilar e 14 proliferação de células do cristalino. Dos oito olhos com membrana pupilar, sete ocorreram na faixa etária <7 meses. A diferença entre o grupo de idade <7 meses e os grupos de 2-5 anos e > 5 anos foi significativa (p=0,01). A proliferação de células do cristalino foi mais frequente nos grupos de idade <7 meses e 2-5 anos, mas significativa apenas quando comparados o grupo de idade <7 meses com o grupo> 5 anos de idade (p=0,040). Glaucoma e suspeitos de glaucoma não foram observados durante o acompanhamento. Conclusões: A principal complicação encontrada no estudo foi a opacificação do eixo visual. Sua incidência foi maior em crianças operadas antes dos 7 meses de idade.

Complications in liposuction: systematic review / Complicações em lipoaspiração: revisão sistemática

Liposuction is among the most performed plastic surgery procedures in Brazil. According to data from the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), 231,604 liposuctions were performed, 15.5% of all aesthetic procedures in the country in 2019. Adopting liposuction as a single procedure or adjunct to other cosmetic procedures stimulated its technical evolution from simple fat aspiration to more sophisticated body shaping. Thus, this review aimed to systematically evaluate the published data regarding the complications found in liposuction. A review was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and gray literature databases, published between 2016 and 2021, using the descriptors "Liposuction" and "Complications." A total of 187 articles were found in the searched databases, of which 16 were selected according to the outcome "to assess safety through the prevalence of complications in liposuction as a single procedure and associated with other procedures such as abdominoplasty and fat grafting." We found a mortality rate ranging from 0 to 0.06 among all procedures and a predominance of venous thromboembolism, hematoma, seroma, and hyperpigmentation concerning all complications, being more common when liposuction is associated with other procedures. Therefore, through this review, it was possible to verify that liposuction as a single procedure has lower complication rates when compared to liposuction combined with other procedures.

A lipoaspiração está entre os procedimentos da cirurgia plástica mais realizados no Brasil. Segundo dados da International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), foram totalizadas 231.604 lipoaspirações, 15,5% dentre todos os procedimentos estéticos realizados no país em 2019. A adoção da lipoaspiração como procedimento único ou coadjuvante a outros procedimentos cosméticos estimulou sua evolução técnica da simples aspiração de gordura para uma modelagem corporal mais sofisticada. Desse modo, esta revisão objetivou avaliar sistematicamente os dados publicados em relação às complicações encontradas na lipoaspiração. Foi realizada uma revisão utilizando os bancos de dados PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science e grey literature, publicados entre os anos de 2016 e 2021, através dos descritores "Liposuction" and "Complications". Foram encontrados 187 artigos nas bases de dados pesquisadas, dos quais 16 foram selecionados de acordo com o desfecho "avaliar a segurança através da prevalência de complicações na lipoaspiração como procedimento único e a associada a outros procedimentos como abdominoplastia e lipoenxertia". Encontramos uma taxa de mortalidade que varia de 0 a 0,06 dentre todos os procedimentos e um predomínio de tromboembolismo venoso, hematoma, seroma e hiperpigmentação em relação a todas as complicações, sendo mais encontradas quando a lipoaspiração é associada a outros procedimentos. Logo, por meio desta revisão foi possível constatar que a lipoaspiração como procedimento único apresenta menores taxas de complicações quando comparada à lipoaspiração combinada com outros procedimentos.

Tratamiento mínimamente invasivo del catéter doble J calcificado

Introducción: La calcificación del catéter doble J puede encontrarse en el 13 % de los colocados y aumenta proporcionalmente al tiempo que permanezca en contacto con la orina. Los investigadores coinciden en que el catéter doble J calcificado es una complicación compleja de resolver. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, de 2011 a 2021. Se utilizaron las bases de datos SciELO, EBSCO, Elsevier y PubMed, con los descriptores: litiasis, catéteres, procedimientos quirúrgicos mínimamente invasivos y complicaciones intraoperatorias y posoperatorias. Objetivo: Describir el papel de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva para el tratamiento del catéter doble J calcificado. Desarrollo: Los factores de riesgo relacionados a catéter doble J calcificados son clínico-terapéuticos y sociodemográficos, como la infección urinaria, antecedentes de litiasis, embarazo, enfermedad renal crónica, anomalías metabólicas o congénitas. Los de poliuretano presentan mayores tasas de calcificación. La litotricia extracorpórea por ondas de choque puede emplearse hasta en 70,7 % de los pacientes. Métodos multimodales como ureteroscopía, previa cistolitotricia transuretral, se han aplicado entre 6 % y 17,9 %, la nefrolitotomía percutánea y ureteroscopía, previa cistolitotricia o no, en el 7,7 % al 20 %. Las complicaciones más frecuentes se informan durante el posoperatorio (20 %): fiebre, dolor, vómitos, hematuria, pielonefritis, sepsis, urinoma, migración espontánea del nuevo catéter colocado y daño renal agudo, entre otras. Conclusiones: La cirugía mínimamente invasiva en la actualidad es el pilar fundamental, del tratamiento de los pacientes con catéter doble J calcificado.

Introduction: The calcification of the double J catheter can be found in 13% of those placed and increases proportionally to the time it remains in contact with urine. The researchers agree that the calcified double J catheter is a complex complication to resolve. A bibliographic review was carried out, from 2011 to 2021. The resources of the SciELO, EBSCO, Elsevier and PubMed databases were used in relation to the descriptors lithiasis, catheters, minimally invasive surgical procedures and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Objective: To describe the role of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of calcified double J catheter. Development: The risk factors related to calcified double J are clinical-therapeutic and sociodemographic, such as urinary tract infection, history of lithiasis, pregnancy, chronic kidney disease, metabolic or congenital anomalies. Those made of polyurethane have higher rates of calcification. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can be used in up to 70.7% of patients. Multimodal methods such as ureteroscopy prior to transurethral cystolithotripsy have been applied between 6-17.9%, percutaneous nephrolithotomy and ureteroscopy prior cystolithotripsy or not in 7.7%-20%. The most frequent complications are reported during the postoperative period (20%): fever, pain, vomiting, hematuria, pyelonephritis, sepsis, urinoma, spontaneous migration of the newly placed catheter, and acute kidney injury, among others. Conclusions: Minimally invasive surgery is currently the cornerstone of treatment for patients with calcified double-J catheters.

Manejo de las complicaciones durante la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal / Complication Management during Nasosinusal Endoscopic Surgery

Introducción: La cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal ha evolucionado de forma importante desde su creación. La posición anatómica que ocupan las cavidades nasosinusales con importantes estructuras adyacentes hacen que sus complicaciones, aunque raras, traigan secuelas irreversibles e incluso la muerte del paciente. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sobre los tipos de complicaciones, frecuencia y su manejo durante la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal. Métodos: Revisión documental en bases de datos bibliográficos sobre el tema durante el período de diciembre 2021 a enero 2022. Se seleccionaron 27 artículos relacionados con el objetivo propuesto y se desarrolló un documento resumen con la información recolectada. Desarrollo: La clasificación más utilizada separa las complicaciones en tres grados de severidad y las tasas de complicaciones mayores están por debajo del 1 por ciento en manos de cirujanos experimentados. Reconocer los sitios de mayor riesgo y los síntomas que puedan aparecer en el paciente son fundamentales para el rápido manejo de la complicación. Conclusiones: La cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal ha demostrado ser una excelente herramienta para el tratamiento quirúrgico de las enfermedades de estas cavidades en manos experimentadas. Aunque las tasas de complicaciones son ínfimas, saber reconocerlas y tratarlas a tiempo resulta fundamental(AU)

Introduction: Endoscopic nasosinusal surgery has evolved significantly since its inception. The anatomical position of the nasosinusal cavities, with important adjacent structures, means that its complications, although rare, bring about irreversible sequelae, and even death, for the patient. Objective: To review the types and frequency of complications, as well as their management, during endoscopic nasosinusal surgery. Methods: A documentary review on the subject was conducted in bibliographic databases during the period from December 2021 to January 2022. Twenty-seven articles related to the proposed objective were selected, while a summary document was developed with the collected information. Development: The most commonly used classification separates complications into three degrees of severity and includes major complication rates below 1 percent in the hands of experienced surgeons. Recognizing the sites of greatest risk and the symptoms that may appear in the patient are fundamental for the rapid management of the complication. Conclusions: Endoscopic nasosinusal surgery has proven to be an excellent tool for the surgical treatment of the diseases of these cavities in experienced hands. Although complication rates are minimal, it is essential to know how to identify and treat them(AU)

Escisión meso-rectal total por vía trans anal (TaTME). Experiencia institucional / Trans anal total meso-rectal excision (TaTME). Institutional experience

Introducción. La cirugía es la base del tratamiento curativo del cáncer de recto. La escisión meso-rectal total ha permitido mejorar los desenlaces oncológicos, disminuyendo las tasas de recurrencia locorregional e impactando en la supervivencia global. El empleo de esta técnica en los tumores de recto medio o distal es un reto quirúrgico, en el que la vía trans anal, permite superar las dificultades técnicas. Método. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo, recolectando la información de los pacientes con cáncer de recto medio y distal llevados a cirugía con esta técnica, en dos instituciones de cuarto nivel en Medellín, Colombia, entre enero de 2017 y marzo de 2022. Se analizaron sus características demográficas, la morbilidad perioperatoria y la pieza quirúrgica. Resultados. Se incluyeron 28 pacientes sometidos al procedimiento trans anal y laparoscópico de forma simultánea; al 57 % se les realizó una ileostomía de protección. Hubo complicaciones en el 60,7 % de los pacientes; ocurrieron cuatro casos de fuga anastomótica. No se presentó ninguna mortalidad perioperatoria. Conclusiones. La tasa de morbilidad perioperatoria es acorde con lo reportado en la literatura. Se resalta la importancia de la curva de aprendizaje quirúrgica y de incluir la calificación de la integridad meso-rectal dentro del informe patológico. Se requiere seguimiento a largo plazo para determinar el impacto en desenlaces oncológicos, calidad de vida y morbilidad

Introduction. Surgery is the pillar of curative treatment for rectal cancer. Total meso-rectal excision has improved oncological outcomes, decreasing locoregional recurrence rates and impacting overall survival. The use of this technique in tumors of the middle or distal rectum is a surgical challenge, in which the trans anal route allows overcoming technical difficulties. Method. A retrospective observational study was carried out, collecting information from patients with middle and distal rectal cancer undergoing surgery with this technique, in two level 4 institutions in Medellín, Colombia, between January 2017 and March 2022. Results. Twenty-eight patients were included; their demographic characteristics, perioperative morbidity, and surgical specimen were analyzed. All patients underwent the trans anal and laparoscopic procedures simultaneously; 57% underwent a protective ileostomy. There was no perioperative mortality. Complications occurred in 60.7% of the patients. Only four cases of anastomotic leak occurred. Conclusions. The perioperative morbidity rate is consistent with that reported in the literature; the importance of the surgical curve and to include the qualification of the meso-rectal integrity within the pathological report is highlighted. Long-term follow-up is required to determine the impact on oncological outcomes, quality of life, and morbidity

Manejo quirúrgico de bad split bilateral en cirugía ortognática

El bad split es un término clínico que refiere a una fractura no planificada que ocurre al momento de realizar una osteotomía sagital de rama mandibular (OSRM). Afecta aproximadamente al 2,3% de los pacientes y se han descrito factores de riesgo tales como la presencia de terceros molares mandibulares, edad avanzada al momento de la cirugía, técnica de osteotomía inadecuada, entre otros. Se recomienda efectuar manio-bras preventivas para evitar la aparición de patrones de fractura no deseados al realizar la OSRM. Sin embargo, al momento de pesquisar un bad split, éste debe ser tratado por un equipo capacitado y de manera oportuna para evitar retardo en la consolidación, infecciones y secuestros óseos que puedan comprometer los resultados de la cirugía. En este artículo se presenta el manejo de un caso clínico de bad split bilateral intraoperatorio por el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital San José, enfatizando su tratamiento quirúrgico.

Bad Split is a clinical term referring to an unplanned fracture that occurs during the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). It affects approximately 2,3% of the patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and several risk factors have been described such as the presence of mandibular third molars, advanced age at the moment of orthognathic surgery, inadequate osteotomy technique, etc. Preventive maneuvers are recommended in order to avoid the appearance of undesired fracture patterns during BSSO. However, if a bad split is detected it must be managed and treated by a qualified team to avoid further complications such as delayed bone consolidation, bone infection and necrosis. In this article we present the management of a case of bilateral bad split by the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of Hospital San José, emphasizing on its surgical treatment.

Role of temporary arterial occlusion in subarachnoid hemorrhage outcomes: a prospective cohort study

Purpose: Temporary arterial occlusion (TAO) is a widespread practice in the surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. This study aimed to investigate TAO's role during ruptured aneurysm clipping as an independent prognostic factor on short- and long-term outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort included 180 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms and an indication of microsurgical treatment. Patients who died in the first 12 hours after admission were excluded. Results: TAO was associated with intraoperative rupture (IOR) (odds ratio ­ OR = 10.54; 95% confidence interval ­ 95%CI 4.72­23.55; p < 0.001) and surgical complications (OR = 2.14; 95%CI 1.11­4.07; p = 0.01). The group with TAO and IOR had no significant difference in clinical (p = 0.06) and surgical (p = 0.94) complications compared to the group that had TAO, but no IOR. Among the 111 patients followed six months after treatment, IOR, number of occlusions, and total time of occlusion were not associated with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) in the follow-up (respectively, p = 0.18, p = 0.30, and p = 0.73). Among patients who underwent TAO, IOR was also not associated with GOS in the follow-up (p = 0.29). Conclusions: TAO was associated with IOR and surgical complications, being the latter independent of IOR occurrence. In long-term analysis, neither TAO nor IOR were associated with poor clinical outcomes.

Perfuração coronária durante intervenção coronária percutânea: descrição de uma técnica de salvamento / Coronary perforation during percutaneous coronary intervention: description of a salvage technique

A perfuração de artéria coronária durante intervenção coronária percutânea é um evento incomum (0,43%), porém potencialmente grave e com elevado risco de tamponamento cardíaco e morte. Perfurações graves exigem implante de stent recoberto, muitas vezes indisponível. Descrevemos uma técnica alternativa e simples de tratamento, que pode ser realizada com uso de politetrafluoretileno de um balão amarrado sobre um stent coronário.

A coronary artery perforation during percutaneous coronary intervention is an uncommon (0.43%) but potentially severe event, with high risk of cardiac tamponade and death. Severe perforations require placing a covered stent, which is often unavailable. We describe an alternative and simple treatment technique, which can be performed using polytetrafluoroethylene from a balloon tied over a coronary stent.

Manejo de crisis hipertensiva en cirugía maxilofacial. Reporte de caso clínico / Hypertensive crisis management in maxillofacial surgery. Clinical case report

Introducción: un aumento marcado de la tensión arterial puede llevar a una crisis hipertensiva, que consiste en una elevación considerable de la tensión arterial (>180 mmHg en sístole y >120 mmHg en diástole). De no ser tratada, puede llevar a la pérdida progresiva de la conciencia, así como provocar daños irreversibles a algún órgano blanco, por ejemplo, el hígado, el riñón o el cerebro. Se puede clasifcar en urgencia o emergencia hipertensiva. Así, una urgencia hipertensiva se presenta cuando el paciente cuenta con cifras elevadas en la tensión arterial sin provocar daño a un órgano blanco y, en contraparte, una emergencia hipertensiva cumple con las cifras que se mencionaron, pero incluye daño a un órgano blanco. Objetivo: presentar un caso clínico, en el cual, durante la extracción quirúrgica de una aguja fracturada, en el período transoperatorio, el paciente sufre síncope vasovagal, con un aumento marcado de la tensión arterial (179/119 mmHg). Conclusión: este fue un diagnóstico intraoperatorio de crisis hipertensiva y la paciente recibió un tratamiento médico temprano por parte del servicio de urgencias médicas, lo cual resultó en una evolución trans y postoperatoria adecuada.

A marked increase in blood pressure can lead to a hypertensive crisis, it can be classifed as an urgency or hypertensive emergency, which consists of a considerable increase in blood pressure (> 180 mmHg in systole and> 120 mmHg in diastole) and that, not being treated can lead to progressive loss of consciousness, as well as cause irreversible damage to the liver, kidney or brain. The objective of this article is to present a clinical case that during the surgical extraction of a fractured needle, in the intraoperative period the patient sufers vasovagal syncope, with a marked increase in blood pressure (179/119 mmHg), intraoperative diagnosis of crisis hypertensive, receiving early medical treatment from the emergency medical service, resulting in an adequate trans and postoperative evolution.

Analysis of influencing factors for complications during percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumor / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@# Objective    To explore and analyze the related influencing factors for common intraoperative complications during CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumor. Methods    We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the patients who underwent CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumor in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019, and analyzed the influencing factors for complications. Results    A total of 106 patients were enrolled. There were 58 (54.7%) males and 48 (45.3%) females aged 46-81 (68.05±8.05) years. All patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time was 47.67±16.47 min, and the hospital stay time was 2.45±1.35 d. The main intraoperative complications were pneumothorax (16.0%, 17/106) and intrapulmonary hemorrhage (22.6%, 24/106). Univariate analysis showed that the number of pleural punctures had an impact on the occurrence of pneumothorax (P=0.00). The length of the puncture path (P=0.00), ablation range (P=0.03) and ablation time (P=0.00) had an impact on the occurrence of intrapulmonary hemorrhage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the size of the lesion (OR=17.85, 95%CI 3.41-93.28, P=0.00) and the number of pleural punctures (OR=0.02, 95%CI 0.00-0.11, P=0.00) were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of pneumothorax. The length of the puncture path (OR=15.76, 95%CI 5.34-46.57, P=0.00) was the independent influencing factor for the occurrence of intrapulmonary hemorrhage. Conclusion    Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumor is safe and with a high success rate, but intraoperative complications are affected by many factors, so the surgeons should be proficient in operating skills to avoid complications.

Risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal lesions / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal lesions.Methods:Data of 386 patients with colorectal lesions, who underwent ESD at The Third People's Hospital of Datong and its cooperative hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, from December 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the hemorrhage group ( n=85) and the non-hemorrhage group ( n=301) according to intraoperative hemorrhage. The correlationship of patients'basic information, lesion-related factors and hemorrhage during colorectal ESD was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. The risk predictive model of intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD was established according to the screened risk factors, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive model. Results:Univariate logistic regression showed that a history of diabetes ( OR=2.340, P<0.05), a history of coronary atherosclerotic heart diseases ( OR=3.100, P<0.05), the lesion located in the rectum ( OR=3.272, P<0.05), longer lesion ( OR=1.093, P<0.05), wider lesion ( OR=1.057, P<0.05), larger lesion ( OR=1.126, P<0.05), depressed lesion ( OR=6.128, P<0.05), the laterally spreading lesion ( OR=2.651, P<0.05), the lesion infiltrated into the SM-S layer ( OR=0.088, P<0.05), the lesion infiltrated into the SM-D layer ( OR=0.174, P<0.05), the diameter of hemorrhage vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of the diameter of incision knife ( OR=246.854, P<0.05), the postoperative pathology as early cancer ( OR=7.000, P<0.05) were risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. Considering the quantitative relationship between the length, the width and the area of lesions, multi-factor models were constructed using the length and area of lesions respectively. Forward stepwise regression was used to screen variables and determine the final model, and the results showed that a history of coronary atherosclerotic heart diseases, the depressed lesion, the longer lesion, the larger lesion, the diameter of hemorrhage vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of the diameter of the incision knife were independent risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD. The two modeling results of the lesion length and the lesion area were very similar. Therefore, lesion length was recommended to describe lesions in clinical practice. Conclusion:A history of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, the depressed lesion, the longer lesion, the larger lesion, the diameter of vessels 0.5~<1.0 times of that of the incision knife are independent risk factors for intraoperative hemorrhage during ESD.

Gradual traction-unlocking closed reduction technique for Tile C old pelvic fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To explore the technical points and efficacy of gradual traction-unlocking closed reduction technique (GT-UCRT) for Tile C old pelvic fractures.Methods:From August 2012 to June 2021, 6 patients with Tile C old pelvic fracture were treated and followed up at Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. They were 4 males and 2 females with an age of (35.8±10.5) years. By Tile classification: 4 cases of type C1.2, 1 case of type C1.3, and 1 case of type C2; time from injury to surgery: 153.8 (64.3, 204.8) days. The 6 patients were treated with GT-UCRT. The time for gradual traction reduction, operation time, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss and complications were recorded. The modified Matta score was used to evaluate the reduction quality of pelvic fractures, and the Majeed score was used to evaluate the pelvic function at the last follow-up.Results:The 6 patients were followed up for (40.3±22.9) months (from 12 to 72 months) after surgery. The time for gradual traction reduction was (26.7±4.6) days, operation time (119.2±4.6) minutes, hospital stay (11.5±2.9) days, and intraoperative blood loss (533.3±189.6) mL. By the modified Matta score, the pelvic reduction after surgery was rated as satisfactory in 5 cases and as unsatisfactory in 1 case. The length disparity between both lower limbs in the 6 patients was (6.9±1.6) cm before surgery and (1.0±0.4) cm immediately after surgery, showing a statistically significant difference ( t=11.135, P<0.001). One fracture healed 3 months after surgery and 5 fractures 6 months after surgery. The Majeed pelvic score at the last follow-up was (80.8±9.0) points for the 6 patients, yielding 2 excellent cases, 3 good cases and 1 fair case. Delayed wound healing was reported in 1 patient, calf intermuscular venous thrombosis in 2 cases, and emotional anxiety and sleep disorder in 1 patient. No new lumbosacral plexus injury was found in any patient. Conclusions:In the treatment of Tile C old pelvic fractures, since our self-designed GT-UCRT combines the advantages of Ilizarov technique and unlocking closed reduction technique, it can not only protect the lumbosacral plexus but also obtain satisfactory reduction of the fracture.

Research progress on adverse events during morning or afternoon surgery and perioperative period / 中国医师杂志

The occurrence of perioperative adverse events (PAEs) significantly affects postoperative recovery of patients. In recent years, more and more studies have found that the start time of surgery is closely related to the occurrence of PAE, especially in terms of hospital stay and cost, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and postoperative mortality. This review aims to summarize the impact of different types of surgeries on PAE starting in the morning or afternoon, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms by which morning or afternoon surgeries affect PAE occurrence from the perspectives of circadian rhythms, human factors, and infrastructure, in order to provide reference for reducing patient PAE and accelerating patient recovery.

Clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification: A retrospective study in a tertiary eye care center in South India

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) versus conventional phacoemulsification (CP) in terms of refractive outcomes, cumulative dissipated energy, and intraoperative complications. Methods: In this retrospective study performed in a tertiary care ophthalmic hospital, we reviewed 2124 eyes that underwent FLACS or CP. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), and intraoperative complications were analyzed in the study. Results: Out of 2124 eyes, 873 underwent FLACS and 1251 underwent CP. The postoperative mean UCVA after one month was 0.05 ± 0.11 logMAR and 0.14 ± 0.23 logMAR for FLACS and CP, respectively (P < 0.00001). Mean CDVA one month post operation was 0.02 ± 0.07 logMAR and 0.06 ± 0.19 logMAR for FLACS and CP, respectively (P < 0.0001). The CDE for the FLACS group was 6.17 ± 3.86 (P < 0.00001) and it was 9.74 ± 6.02 for the CP group. The intraoperative complication for the FLACS group was 1.60% and the CP group was 2.39% (P < 0.00001). Conclusion: The visual outcomes were better in FLACS compared to CP. The CDE was lower for the FLACS group and FLACS had significantly less intraoperative complications

Prevalência das complicações em cirurgia de terceiros molares inferiores: um estudo transversal / Prevalencia de complicaciones en cirugía de terceros molares inferiores: un estudio transversal / Prevalence of Complications in Inferior Third Molar Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introdução: A extração de terceiros molares é um dos procedimentos mais comuns realizados pelos cirurgiões bucomaxilofaciais e as potenciais complicações dessa intervenção estão bem documentadas. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é encontrar as associações entre essas complicações e variáveis relacionadas aos dentes ou aos pacientes e, assim, ajudar os cirurgiões a predizê-las e preveni-las. Métodos: Nosso estudo avalia a prevalência de omplicações em exodontias de terceiros molares inferiores utilizando uma amostra populacional brasileira em um período de 10 anos para estabelecer a probabilidade dessas complicações e sua associação com variáveis como idade, sexo e posição do dente na arcada . As mesmas variáveis foram usadas em relação a pericoronarite prévia. Trata-se de um estudo observacional retrospectivo transversal, seguindo as diretrizes STROBE. Resultados e Conclusões: Mil e nove pacientes tiveram 1.822 terceiros molares extraídos, sem associação detectada entre condições sistêmicas e complicações, embora esses pacientes com complicações sistêmicas tenham 1,9 vezes mais chances de ter pericoronarite. A pericoronarite foi mais prevalente em pacientes saudáveis, com classificação A e III de Pell & Gregory e posição distoangular. Esses achados corroboram a literatura atual ao comparar a classificação de Pell e Gregory e a maior prevalência de complicações... (AU)

Introducción: La extracción de terceros molares es uno de los procedimientos más comunes realizados por los cirujanos orales y maxilofaciales y las posibles complicaciones de esta intervención están bien documentadas. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es encontrar las asociaciones entre estas complicaciones y variables relacionadas con dientes o pacientes y así ayudar a los cirujanos a predecirlas y prevenirlas. Métodos: Nuestro estudio evalúa la prevalencia de complicaciones en extracciones de terceros molares inferiores utilizando una muestra de población brasileña durante un período de 10 años para establecer la probabilidad de estas complicaciones y su asociación con variables como la edad, el sexo y la posición de los dientes en el arco. Las mismas variables se utilizaron para determinar pericoronitis previa. Se trata de un estudio observacional, transversal, retrospectivo, siguiendo las directrices STROBE. Resultados y Conclusiones: A mil nueve pacientes se les extrajeron 1.822 terceros molares, no detectándose asociación entre condiciones sistémicas y complicaciones, aunque estos pacientes tenían 1,9 veces más probabilidad de tener pericoronitis. La pericoronitis fue más prevalente en pacientes sanos, con clasificación A y III de Pell & Gregory y posición distoangular. Estos hallazgos corroboran la literatura actual al comparar la clasificación de Pell y Gregory y la mayor prevalencia de complicaciones... (AU)

Introduction: Extraction of third molars is one the most common procedures carried out by Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons and the potential complications of such intervention are well documented. Purpose: The objective of this study is to find the associations between these complications and variables related either to the teeth or the patients and thus help surgeons to predict and prevent them. Methods: Our study evaluate the prevalence of complications in extractions of the lower third molars using a Brazilian population sample over a period of 10 years to establish the probability of these complications and their association with variables such as age, sex and tooth position in the arch. The same variables were used to determine previous pericoronitis. This is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study, following the STROBE guidelines. Results and Conclusions: One thousand and nine patients had 1,822 third molars extracted, with no associations detected between systemic conditions and complications, although these patients are 1.9 times more likely to have pericoronitis. Pericoronitis was more prevalent in healthy patients, with Pell & Gregory classification A and III and distoangular position. These findings corroborate the current literature when comparing Pell and Gregory classification and the higher prevalence of complications... (AU)

Apendicitis aguda durante la pandemia de COVID-19: experiencia en un centro de alta complejidad en Boyacá, Colombia / Acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experience in a high-level complex center in Boyacá, Colombia

Introducción. La pandemia de COVID-19 replanteó la forma de atención en los sistemas de salud, afectando todas aquellas patologías no relacionadas con infecciones respiratorias, como la apendicitis aguda. El miedo al contagio por SARS-CoV-2 y las medidas restrictivas a la movilidad pudieron aumentar el tiempo desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la consulta al servicio de urgencias, derivando en complicaciones intra y posoperatorias. Métodos. Estudio observacional descriptivo de corte trasversal y retrospectivo, donde se incluyeron todos los pacientes diagnosticados con apendicitis aguda llevados a apendicectomía, que fueron divididos en dos grupos, considerados prepandemia, desde el 1° de septiembre de 2018 al 15 de marzo de 2020, y pandemia, desde el 16 de marzo de 2020 al 30 de septiembre de 2021. Resultados. Fueron identificados 1000 pacientes, distribuidos en 501 pacientes en el grupo prepandemia y 499 en el grupo pandemia. El promedio de tiempo de consulta desde el momento de inicio de síntomas hasta consulta fue de 43 horas en el grupo prepandemia y de casi 45 horas en el grupo pandemia. Discusión. A pesar de las restricciones por la enfermedad causada por el nuevo coronavirus y el miedo que puede existir por el contagio, en nuestro centro no se evidenció un cambio en el manejo y presentación de los pacientes diagnosticados con apendicitis aguda

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic varied the way health systems were attended, thus affecting pathologies not related to respiratory infections, such as acute appendicitis. Fear of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mobility restrictive measures may have implied a longer time from the onset of symptoms to consultation of the emergency department, leading to intraoperative and postoperative complications. Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive observational study, identifying all patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis and taken for appendectomy, divided into two groups, considered pre-pandemic, from September 1, 2018 to March 15, 2020, and pandemic, from March 16, 2020 to September 30, 2021. Results. One-thousand patients were identified, 501 patients were distributed in the pre-pandemic group and 499 in the pandemic group. The average consultation time from the time of onset of symptoms to consultation was 43 hours in the prepandemic group and almost 45 hours in the pandemic. Discussion. Despite the restrictions due to the disease caused by the new coronavirus and the fear that may existed due to contagion, in our center there was no evidence of a change in the management and presentation of patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis